Σχετικὰ μὲ τὴν θεραπεία (Ματθ 9, 27-35)

Anthony Bloom (Metropolitan of Sourozh (1914- 2003))

Ἀπόσπασμα ἀπο μιὰ ὁμιλία στὶς 22.11.1987

Ὑπάρχουν πολλὰ κείμενα στὸ Εὐαγγέλιο ὅπου ὁ Χριστὸς ἔχοντας στραφεῖ σ’ ἕνα πρόσωπο ποὺ εἶναι ἄρρωστο νοητικὰ ἤ σωματικὰ τοῦ κάνει μία ἐρώτηση, καὶ αὐτὴ ἡ ἐρώτηση εἶναι πάντα: Θέλεις νὰ γίνεις καλά; Καὶ νομίζω αὐτὴ ἡ φράση εἶναι σημαντικὴ ἐπειδὴ ὑπονοεῖ κάτι πιὸ μεγάλο, πιὸ ὁλοκληρωμένο ἀπὸ τὴν ἁπλὴ ἀποκατάσταση τῆς ὑγείας ἑνὸς ἀνθρώπου: σημαίνει τὴν ἐπιστροφὴ στὴν κατάσταση ποὺ ἦταν ὁ ἄρρωστος πρὶν τὸν προσβάλλει ἡ ἀσθένεια. Ἐπειδὴ πολὺ συχνὰ ἡ ἀσθένεια εἶναι τὸ ἀποτέλεσμα τοῦ τρόπου τῆς ζωῆς μας, τῆς ἀφροσύνης μας, τῆς κληρονομικότητας, τῶν ἐξωτερικῶν καταστάσεων καὶ αὐτὸ ὅλο ἔχει νὰ κάνει μὲ τὴν κατάσταση τῆς ζωῆς μας σ’ ἕνα κόσμο ποὺ ἀπὸ χριστιανικῆς ἀπόψεως εἶναι ἕνας κόσμος ἐκπεσμένος, ἐὰν προτιμᾶτε, ἕνας κόσμος διεστραμμένος, ἕνας κόσμος ποὺ ἔχει χάσει τὴν ἁρμονία του, τὴν ἀκεραιότητα του, ἤ ποὺ δὲν τὴν ἔχει προσεγγίσει. Ἀπὸ ὅποια πλευρὰ καὶ να τὸ δεῖτε ὁ κόσμος μας εἶναι ἕνας κόσμος θρυμματισμένος.

Κάτι ποὺ μ’ ἔχει προβληματίσει τὰ τελευταῖα χρόνια εἶναι αὐτό: γιατὶ ὁ Χριστὸς ρωτάει ἕναν ἄνθρωπο ἄν θέλει νὰ γίνει καλά. Δὲν εἶναι φανερὸ ὅτι ὁ κάθε λογικὸς ἄνθρωπος θὰ πεῖ: Φυσικὰ θέλω,- μὲ τὴ συνέπεια ποὺ ἔχει ἡ λέξη «φυσικά». Γιατὶ κάνετε μιὰ ἀνόητη ἐρώτηση; Ποιὸς ἐπιθυμεῖ νὰ εἶναι ἄρρωστος; Καὶ ὅμως νομίζω ὅτι εἶναι μιὰ πολὺ σημαντικὴ ἐρώτηση ἐπειδὴ κατὰ τὴν Εὐαγγελικὴ ἔννοια, ἀποκτᾶμε ὑγεία δὲν σημαίνει ἁπλὰ ὅτι ἀπαλλασόμαστε ἀπὸ μιὰ σωματικὴ ἀσθένεια, ἀλλὰ ἐντασσόμαστε σὲ μιὰ ποιότητα ζωῆς ποὺ δὲν εἴχαμε πρὶν καὶ ποὺ μπορεῖ νὰ μᾶς προσφερθεῖ ὑπὸ προυποθέσεις. Ἀποκτᾶμε ὑγεία ἔστω σωματικὰ, σημαίνει ὅτι πρέπει ν’ ἀναλάβουμε προσωπικὰ τὴν εὐθύνη γιὰ τὴν νοητικὴ καὶ τὴν σωματικὴ κατάσταση στὴν ὁποία βρισκόμαστε κατὰ τρόπο που δὲν τὸ εἴχαμε κάνει πρὶν. Ἡ ἀνάκτηση τῆς σωματικῆς μας ὑγείας ἀποτελεῖ ἴσως μιὰ μικρὴ εἰκόνα τῆς ἐπιστροφῆς μας στὴν ζωὴ ἀφοῦ φτάσαμε πρὶν στὸ χεῖλος τοῦ θανάτου. Ἡ ζωὴ ποὺ θὰ συνεχιζόταν δίχως ἐμᾶς δίχως τὴν θεραπευτικὴ πράξη τοῦ Θεοῦ, θὰ ἦταν μιὰ ζωὴ ποὺ σταδιακὰ θὰ ἐπιδεινωνόταν ὁλοένα καὶ πιὸ πολὺ καὶ θὰ μᾶς ἔφερνε στὸ θάνατο, στὴ διάσπαση τῆς νοητικῆς καὶ σωματικῆς μας κατάστασης. Καὶ ἄν μᾶς προσφέρεται ξανὰ ἡ ἑνότητα ποὺ ἔχουμε χάσει ἤ ποὺ ἴσως ποτὲ πρίν δὲν εἴχαμε, σημαίνει ὅτι ἡ ζωὴ ποὺ τώρα, μετὰ τὴν θεραπεία, εἶναι δική μας, δὲν δίνεται ἁπλὰ νὰ τὴν χρησιμοποιοῦμε μὲ ὅποιον τρόπο ἐπιλέγουμε, εἶναι ἕνα δῶρο ποὺ δὲν μᾶς ἀνήκει. Εἴμασταν νεκροὶ, πεθαίναμε, ἐπιστρέψαμε σὲ μιὰ πληρότητα ζωῆς καὶ αὐτὴ ἡ πληρότητα δὲν μᾶς ἀνῆκει, εἶναι χάρισμα. Ἔτσι, κατὰ τὸ Εὐαγγέλιο, ὅσο μπορῶ νὰ καταλάβω, ὅταν ὁ Χριστὸς λέει: «Θέλεις νὰ γίνεις ὑγιής;», Ἐννοεῖ: «Ἄς ὑποθέσουμε ὅτι σὲ κάνω καλά, εἶσαι ἕτοιμος νὰ ζήσεις μιὰν ἀκέραια ζωή ἤ θέλεις νὰ σὲ κάνω ὑγιῆ γιὰ νὰ ἐπιστρέψεις πίσω σὲ ὅ,τι κατέστρεψε αὐτὴν τὴν ἑνότητα, σ’ ὅ,τι σὲ κατέστρεψε σωματικὰ καὶ ψυχικὰ;» Καὶ αὐτὴ εἶναι μιὰ ἐρώτηση ποὺ τίθεται σὲ κάθε ἀσθενῆ, ἄν καὶ οἱ περισσότεροι, πρακτικὰ ὅλοι δὲν ἔχουν ἰδέα γι’ αὐτὸ τὸ ἐρώτημα, καὶ τίθεται σίγουρα ἐνώπιον μας ὅταν θέλουμε νὰ θεραπευτοῦμε πέρα ἀπὸ μιὰ σωματική ἀσθένεια.

Ὑπάρχει μιὰ ἄλλη διάσταση στο θέμα τῆς σωματικῆς καὶ ψυχικῆς ἀποκατάστασης, ὅπως περιγράφεται σὲ ἄλλες περιπτώσεις στὸ Εὐαγγέλιο, ὅταν ὁ Χριστὸς λέει σὲ κάποιον: «Πήγαινε καὶ μὴν ἁμαρτήσεις ξανά». Πιστεύω πρέπει να καταλάβουμε ὅτι ὅταν μιλᾶμε γιὰ θεραπεία μὲ Χριστιανικοὺς ὅρους δὲν μιλᾶμε ἁπλὰ γιὰ τὴ δύναμη τοῦ Θεοῦ ἤ τῶν ἁγίων Του ἥ γιὰ τὴν δύναμη ποὺ ἔχουν ἄνθρωποι ποὺ δὲν ἦταν μήτε ἅγιοι μήτε Θεοι, κατέχουν ὅμως ἕνα φυσικὸ χάρισμα νὰ μᾶς κάνουν ὑγιεῖς γιὰ νὰ συνεχίσουμε νὰ ζοῦμε μὲ τὸν τρόπο ποὺ ζούσαμε πρίν, γιὰ νὰ παραμείνουμε ἴδιοι δίχως ν’ ἀλλάξουμε. Ὁ Θεὸς δὲν μᾶς θεραπεύει γιὰ νὰ ἐπιστρέψουμε ξανὰ στην ἁμαρτωλή μας κατάσταση. Μᾶς προσφέρει μιὰ νέα ζωή, ὄχι τὴν παλιὰ ποὺ ἔχουμε ἤδη χάσει. Καὶ ἡ νέα ζωὴ ποὺ μᾶς προσφέρεται δὲν εἶναι πλέον δική μας, εἶναι δική Του, εἶναι δική Του δωρεά, εἶναι δῶρο. Ἦταν δικό μου καὶ σοῦ τὸ δίνω, πάρτο. Καὶ ἀπὸ πνευματικῆς ἀπόψεως, αὐτὸ εἶναι ἀλήθεια. Ἐπειδὴ τὶ εἶναι ἁμαρτία; Προσδιορίζουμε συνεχῶς τὴν ἁμαρτία σὰν ἠθικὴ παράβαση, ἀλλά εἶναι κάτι περισσότερο ἀπο αὐτό: Εἶναι ἀκριβῶς ἐκεῖνο γιὰ τὸ ὁποῖο μιλοῦσα, εἶναι ἡ ἔλλειψη τῆς ὁλότητας. Ὅταν κρίνουμε τὸν ἑαυτό μας: Εἶμαι διχασμένος - ὁ νοῦς εἶναι κόντρα στὴν καρδιά, ἡ καρδιὰ κόντρα στὴν θέληση, τὸ σῶμα ἐνάντια σ’ ὅλα τὰ ὑπόλοιπα. Δὲν εἴμαστε μόνο σχιζοφρενεῖς, ἀλλὰ σχιζοφρενεῖς στὰ πάντα, εἴμαστε ὅπως ἕνας σπασμένος καθρέφτης και ἔτσι εἶναι ἡ κατάσταση τῆς ἁμαρτίας: δὲν εἶναι τόσο ὅτι ὁ καθρέφτης δὲν ἀντανακλᾶ σωστὰ, τὸ γεγονὸς εἶναι ὅτι εἶναι σπασμένος, αὐτὸ εἶναι τὸ πρόβλημα. Μπορεῖτε, φυσικὰ, νὰ προσπαθήσετε νὰ πάρετε ἕνα μικρὸ κομμάτι του καὶ νὰ δεῖτε ὅ,τι μπορεῖτε, ἀλλὰ παραμένει ἕνας σπασμένος καθρέφτης. Καὶ τοῦτο τὸ σπάσιμο ἔχει νὰ κάνει μὲ τὸ σπάσιμο στὶς σχέσεις μας μὲ τοὺς ἄλλους ἀνθρώπους. Τοὺς φοβόμαστε, τοὺς ζηλεύουμε, εἴμαστε ἄπληστοι. Ἔτσι αὐτὸ δημιουργεῖ μιὰν ἁμαρτωλότητα καὶ ἀπευθύνεται κυρίως στὸν Θεό, ἐπειδὴ ὅλα ἀπορρέουν ἀπὸ τὸ γεγονὸς ὅτι χάσαμε τὴν ἁρμονία μας μὲ τὸν Θεό. Οἱ ἅγιοι εἶναι ἅνθρωποι ποὺ βρίσκονται σὲ ἁρμονική σχέση μ’ Ἐκεῖνον. Καὶ σὰν ἀποτέλεσμα τῆς σχέσης αὐτῆς μὲ τὸν Θεὸ, μποροῦν νὰ βρίσκονται σὲ ἁρμονία μέσα τους καὶ μὲ τοὺς ἄλλους ἀνθρώπους.

Καὶ θέλω να σᾶς προτείνω κάτι ποὺ ἴσως θὰ βρεῖτε δύσκολο νὰ δεχτεῖτε: εἴτε κάποιος θεραπεύεται σωματικὰ εἴτε ὄχι, αὐτὸ εἶναι δευτερεῦον, ὄχι γιὰ τοὺς συγγενεῖς μας, γιὰ τοὺς φίλους μας ἀλλὰ γιὰ τὸ ἐνδιαφερόμενο πρόσωπο. Αὐτὸ ποὺ μετράει εἶναι ν’ ἀποκατασταθεῖ ἡ ἑνότητα τοῦ προσώπου καὶ ὅταν γίνει αὐτὸ καὶ συμβεῖ μαζὶ νὰ θεραπευθεῖ σωματικὰ - εἶναι καλό, ἄν ὄχι, μπορεῖ νὰ εἶναι το ἴδιο καλό.

Ἀπόδοση κειμένου:www.agiazoni.gr

Πρωτότυπο κείμενο

On healing
Excerpt from a talk on 25.11.1987

There are many passages in the Gospel in which Christ turning to a person who is either sick in mind or in body asks a question, and this question is always: Does thou wish to be made whole? And I think, this phrase is important because it implies something which is vaster, more complete than simply restoration of health: a return to the condition that was the sick person’s before illness attacked him. Because very often illness is the result of the way of life which we lead, of our folly, it is the result of heredity, it is the result of outer conditions and this is all within the compass of our situation in a world which from a Christian point of view is a fallen world, or if you prefer another term, a distorted world, a world that has lost its harmony, its wholeness or has not attained it. Whatever way you look at it our world is a broken one.

A thing that has been striking me quite a lot in the last years is this: why does Christ ask a person, Do you want to be made whole? Isn’t it obvious that anyone who is sane will say: Of course I do, - with the impact, perhaps, on the word ‘of course’. Why are you asking a silly question? Who wishes to be ill? And yet, I think, it is a very important question because in terms of the Gospel to be made whole means not simply getting rid of one’s physical illness but of being reintegrated to a quality of life which one did not possess before and which may be given us on condition. The condition being that being made whole, being restored to health even physically means that we must take responsibility for our bodily and mental condition in a way in which we didn’t do it before. To be healed physically is perhaps a small image of being restored to life having come to the brink of death. The life which would have continued within us without this healing act of God would have been a life that gradually deteriorated more and more and would bring us to dying, a gradual disintegration either of our mental condition or of physical condition. And if we are given back a wholeness which we had lost or perhaps which we never possessed before, it means that the life which is ours now after healing is not simply for us to use any way we chose, it is a gift, it is not ours in a way. We were dead, we were dying, we are brought back to a plenitude of life and this plenitude is not ours, it is a gift. So that in terms of the Gospel, as far as I can see it, when Christ says: “Dost thou wish to be made whole?”, He implies: “Supposing I do it, are you prepared to lead a life of wholeness or do you want Me to make you whole in order to go back to what destroyed this wholeness, destroyed you in body and soul?” And this is a question which stands before each patient, although most patients, practically all patients have no idea of the question, and it stands certainly in front of each of us when we want to be healed beyond our physical illness.

There is another aspect of wholeness restored in other situations in the Gospel when Christ says to someone: “Go and sin no more”. I think we must realise that when we speak of healing in Christian terms we do not speak simply of a power possessed by God or by His saints or by people who being neither saints nor God are possessed of a natural gift to restore health for us to continue to live in the way in which we lived before, to remain the same unchanged. God does not heal us in order that we should go back to our sinful condition. He offers us newness of life, not the old life which we have already lost. And the new life which is offered us is no longer ours in a way, it is His, it’s a gift of His, a present. It was Mine to give, take it. And thinking in spiritual terms, it is true. Because what is sin? We define sin all the time as moral infringement but it is much more than this: it is the very thing of which I was speaking, it is the lack of wholeness. When we think of ourselves: I am divided - mind against heart, heart against will, body against all the rest. We are all not only schizophrenic, but schizo-everything, we are just like a broken mirror and so that is the condition of sin: it is not so much that the mirror doesn’t reflect well, it is the fact that it is broken that is the problem. You can, of course, try to take a small piece of it and see what you can see, but it is still a broken mirror. And this brokenness of ours within corresponds to a brokenness in our relationships with other people. We are afraid of them, we are envious of them, we are greedy, what not. So it creates a whole relational sinfulness and indeed it applies supremely to God because it all results from our having lost our harmony with God. The saints are people who are in harmony with Him, nothing more, nothing less, simply that. And as the result of being in harmony with God, then they can be in harmony within themselves and with other people.

And then I want suggest something which you may find difficult to take: then in a way whether one is healed physically or not becomes a secondary thing, not to our relatives, not to our friends but to the person concerned. What matters is the wholeness restored and once the wholeness is restored if together with it goes a physical healing - good, if it doesn’t, it may be as good.